What Does Endometrial Hyperplasia Mean?
The endometrium is the tissue that lines the innermost wall of the uterus. This lining thickens to prepare for pregnancy. There are a range of conditions that could impact the endometrium, such as endometrial hyperplasia. With this condition, there is an abnormal thickening of the uterine wall, which can lead to unpleasant symptoms. Women with endometrial hyperplasia are also surprised to find out that the condition may impact fertility.
Is there a relationship with fertility?
Women with this condition will typically experience heavy, prolonged menstrual bleeding, abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and irregular cycles. In some cases, this condition is a precursor to cancer. Women with endometrial hyperplasia may also struggle to get pregnant. The condition often affects women aged 35 and above, especially those in the perimenopausal stages. Because of the irregular bleeding and bleeding between periods, getting pregnant with the condition is difficult. Additionally, women over 35 are more likely to have a diminished ovarian reserve, which also increases infertility risks. Women should consider a test, like a transvaginal ultrasound, to measure the endometrium and confirm the presence of hyperplasia.
What are your treatment options?
There are several options available to women with endometrial hyperplasia. Most cases are due to a hormone imbalance. A doctor can prescribe hormone medication to improve endometrial function. Some women benefit from birth control via intrauterine device (IUD) to reduce endometrium thickness. Additionally, a doctor may perform a biopsy to test the sample for cancer or other anomalies. These steps, along with consistent monitoring, are essential for long-term health.
When is it time for IVF?
These steps may help improve endometrial function, increasing the chances of pregnancy. Since IUD is birth control, the doctor will work with the patient to determine when to remove the device to try for a natural pregnancy. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a viable option if treatment fails. With IVF, a fertility clinic produces healthy embryos in a lab using egg and sperm samples. The woman is required to take fertility medication to increase egg production. At a later date, additional hormone treatments help prepare the uterine lining. IVF helps as the embryos are implanted by the fertility team, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy.
Does IVF work?
IVF is an effective option for couples struggling with fertility. Studies have shown that IVF may be effective in helping women with endometrial hyperplasia achieve pregnancy. After treatment, these women saw favorable outcomes in multiple cycles of IVF. However, there are cases where IVF may be challenging or unsuccessful. At this point, the woman or couple can consider donor eggs, sperm, or surrogacy. Using a gestational surrogate can circumvent the need for a significant improvement in the endometrial lining.
There’s hope with IVF
The endometrium requires a delicate balance for pregnancy. Yet, many women struggle with challenges like hyperplasia. This condition is particularly challenging for women trying to get pregnant at later ages. A visit to the doctor before attempting to get pregnant naturally is recommended to uncover issues with the uterus. While there is treatment, some women can benefit from moving straight to IVF or other fertility options.
